Friday, June 14, 2019

Lord Burlington and William Kent - Chiswick House near London Research Paper

Lord Burlington and William Kent - Chiswick theater of operations near London - Research Paper ExampleThis can be seen in Chiswick House, which is plainer and simpler in style than a baroqueness building. The new belief in order and reason ca apply clothes designers to draw up rules for good architecture and search for good taste in design (Curl 37). Buildings were intentional using ideal geometric shapes such as the cube, rectangle and circle (Curl 40). This can be seen from the designing of the rooms at Chiswick House there is a hexagonal (six-sided) hall in the centre, which is surrounded by square or rectangular rooms, and the whole building is shaped like a cube (the room plan is reproduced in Curl, 30). The eighteenth century saw important social changes. The monarchy and the church were declining in importance while the importance of the middle classes and the aristocracy was increasing (Black 269). A good example is the Earl of Burlington, the architect and owner of Chisw ick House, who was an important patron of the arts and a private individual, not a royal. Aristocrats were often landowners, and the eighteenth century was the gravid age of landscape gardening (Black 270). Chiswick House is surrounded by gardens, which were planned by Burlingtons assistant, William Kent. There was an increasing trend for aristocrats to go on a Grand Tour to Italy, to learn about ancient history and to collect works of art for their country houses (Black 293). Lord Burlington first visited Italy in 1714 and returned to Italy in 1719 to workplace buildings designed by Palladio, a great Renaissance architect. Chiswick House is modelled on Palladios Villa Rotonda, though it is not an exact copy. Chiswick House is smaller than the Villa Rotonda and it has a portico (with innocent columns) on only one side of the building, while the Rotonda has porticos on all four sides (Steenbergen 131). Palladio and Burlington were both trying to recreate the villas of the ancient Romans. This may have had a political significance for Burlington, since he was a member of the British aristocracy, who modelled themselves on the patricians (aristocrats) of ancient Rome. Burlington did not actually live at Chiswick House he used the building to display his art collection, hold concerts of music, and entertain his guests. The Enlightenments love of order and reason can be seen when we look at the straw man exterior of Chiswick House. The general effect is formal, symmetrical, and elegant. The stonework is quite plain. The only decoration is to be found in the elaborate (Corinthian) tops to the columns and the triangular tops to the two man-sized windows. Two cleverly designed flights of steps lead up to the portico. The columns and the dome are important features of classical architecture. The interior of the house is much more rich and elaborate, perhaps as a deliberate contrast to the rather plain exterior. Outside the house, at the bottom of the steps, there are statues of Palladio and Inigo Jones, who was the first English architect to design buildings in the Palladian style. This kind of symbolism continues inside the house. For example, the entrance to the central hall contains a bust of Augustus, who was the first Roman emperor. On the crownwork of the Blue Velvet Room there is a depiction of the goddess of architecture, and on the ceiling of the Green Velvet Room there is Mercury, god of commerce and the arts. The Chiswick House website suggests that Mercury could symbolise Burlington himself, a great patron of the arts. The use of symbolism extends into the gardens. There are statues of

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